In South America, Taino people are recognized as Arawak people. Even their language falls under the Arawakan family of the northern region in South America. Typically, Taino culture is used to describe anything related to the indigenous, seafaring people of Lesser Antilles, Greater Antilles or Bahamas.
When Columbus arrived in 1492, there were five known Taino chiefdoms and territories in which tribute was given. These existed in the area formerly known as Hispaniola. Today it is recognized as Haiti and Dominican Republic.
This group was known to be an enemy of the Carib tribes, in the past. Carib tribes also had their origins in South America and were primarily found in Lesser Antilles. There has been much discussion and study on the relationship held between the tribes. For much of the 15th century, Taino people had been forced to the Caribbean's northeastern region because of Carib tribes raiding their area. They would hold women in captivity.
Spaniards who arrived in Puerto Rico, after first going to Bahamas, Hispaniola and Cuba in the 1490s, did not bring along women in their first excursions. Instead, they took Taino women as their common-law wives, which resulted in mestizo children. Sexual violence against these women was common in Haiti. There are some who suggest there was substantial amount of cultural and racial mixing in Cuba too.
The culture went extinct once the Spanish colonists settled. This was mostly due to the infectious disease that spread and the lack of immunity. The first epidemic with smallpox that was recorded in the region of Hispaniola occurred in December 1518 or 1519 in January. The situation in 1518 killed 90 percent of natives who had not already died. Warfare and enslavement by the colonists was another reason many died. By 1548, native population was below 500.
There were two main classes in this society: naborias, also called commoners, and nitainos, also known as nobles. Chiefs were responsible for governing these classes and were given the title of caciques. These people may have been female or male, and were known to be advised by healers or priests called bohiques. The bohiques were thought to have special abilities when it came to speaking with the gods and healing. They were often the ones consulted and giving permission for the society to participate in practices.
This culture had a matrillneal system that was used when it came to inheritance, kinship and descent. If the male heir was not present, the succession or inheritance was then granted to the oldest child, be it female or male, of a deceased individual's sister. In society, married couples lived in the home of the maternal uncle because there was belief that the uncle had a more important role in the life of the woman than her biological father. Both men and women were known to have participated in polygamy in this culture. They might have up to three spouses, although caciques were recorded to have as much as 30.
The women were known for being skilled when it came to agriculture. This group of people depended upon it. Men were often responsible for hunting and fishing. They made fish ropes and nets with palm and cotton materials. Bows and arrows were employed for hunting, as well as arrowheads with poison.
When Columbus arrived in 1492, there were five known Taino chiefdoms and territories in which tribute was given. These existed in the area formerly known as Hispaniola. Today it is recognized as Haiti and Dominican Republic.
This group was known to be an enemy of the Carib tribes, in the past. Carib tribes also had their origins in South America and were primarily found in Lesser Antilles. There has been much discussion and study on the relationship held between the tribes. For much of the 15th century, Taino people had been forced to the Caribbean's northeastern region because of Carib tribes raiding their area. They would hold women in captivity.
Spaniards who arrived in Puerto Rico, after first going to Bahamas, Hispaniola and Cuba in the 1490s, did not bring along women in their first excursions. Instead, they took Taino women as their common-law wives, which resulted in mestizo children. Sexual violence against these women was common in Haiti. There are some who suggest there was substantial amount of cultural and racial mixing in Cuba too.
The culture went extinct once the Spanish colonists settled. This was mostly due to the infectious disease that spread and the lack of immunity. The first epidemic with smallpox that was recorded in the region of Hispaniola occurred in December 1518 or 1519 in January. The situation in 1518 killed 90 percent of natives who had not already died. Warfare and enslavement by the colonists was another reason many died. By 1548, native population was below 500.
There were two main classes in this society: naborias, also called commoners, and nitainos, also known as nobles. Chiefs were responsible for governing these classes and were given the title of caciques. These people may have been female or male, and were known to be advised by healers or priests called bohiques. The bohiques were thought to have special abilities when it came to speaking with the gods and healing. They were often the ones consulted and giving permission for the society to participate in practices.
This culture had a matrillneal system that was used when it came to inheritance, kinship and descent. If the male heir was not present, the succession or inheritance was then granted to the oldest child, be it female or male, of a deceased individual's sister. In society, married couples lived in the home of the maternal uncle because there was belief that the uncle had a more important role in the life of the woman than her biological father. Both men and women were known to have participated in polygamy in this culture. They might have up to three spouses, although caciques were recorded to have as much as 30.
The women were known for being skilled when it came to agriculture. This group of people depended upon it. Men were often responsible for hunting and fishing. They made fish ropes and nets with palm and cotton materials. Bows and arrows were employed for hunting, as well as arrowheads with poison.
0 comments:
Posting Komentar